KLK3 molecular target information overview
KLK3 molecular target review
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-sperm or kallikrein 3 (KLK3), is a glycoprotein that is encoded by the KLK3 gene in humans. PSA is a member of the kallikrein-related peptidase family and is secreted by prostate epithelial cells. PSA is produced during ejaculation and liquefies the semen clot, allowing sperm to swim freely. PSA also dissolves cervical mucus, allowing sperm to enter the uterus. Only small amounts of PSA are present in the serum of men with normal prostates, while serum PSA levels are often elevated in men with prostate cancer or other prostate disorders. Obesity has been reported to reduce serum PSA levels. Prostatitis, anger, and benign prostatic hyperplasia can increase PSA levels, producing false-positive results. PSA is not the only indicator for diagnosing prostate cancer, but can also detect prostatitis or benign prostatic hyperplasia. Thirty percent of men with high levels of PSA are diagnosed with prostate cancer after biopsy. Clinical practice guidelines for prostate cancer screening vary and are controversial because of uncertainty as to whether the benefits of screening outweigh the risks of overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
Human KLK3 Molecular Target Information
Molecular name: KLK3, kallikrein related peptidase 3
Alias:
- APS
- gamma-seminoprotein
- hK3
- kallikrein 3, (prostate specific antigen)
- kallikrein-3
- kallikrein-related peptidase 3
- KLK2A1
- P-30 antigen
- prostate specific antigen
- prostate-specific antigen
- PSA
- semenogelase
- seminin
Gene sequence:NCBI_Gene: 354
Protein sequence:UniProtKB: P07288
Human KLK3 target molecular function (prediction)
Enables hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides and serine-type endopeptidase activity. Involved in positive regulation of antibacterial peptide production and proteolysis. Located in extracellular space. Part of protein-containing complex. Biomarker of breast cancer.