GH1 molecular target information overview
Overview of GH1 molecular targets
In humans and other animals, growth hormone (GH) stimulates growth, cell proliferation and cell regeneration. It is therefore important for human development. GH is a stress hormone that increases glucose and free fatty acid concentrations. It also promotes the production of IGF-1. The most common disease in which GH is excessive is a pituitary tumor. The effects of GH deficiency vary with age. In children, growth retardation and short stature are the main manifestations of GH deficiency, which are usually due to genetic factors and congenital malformations. It can also lead to delayed sexual maturation. In adults, GH deficiency is rare and the most common cause is a pituitary tumor. Other causes include continuation of GH deficiency during childhood, other structural damage or trauma, and the extremely rare idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (GHD).
Human GH1 Molecular Target Information
Molecular name: GH1, growth hormone 1
Alias:
- GH
- GH-N
- GHB5
- GHN
- growth hormone B5
- hGH-N
- IGHD1A
- IGHD1B
- IGHD2
- pituitary growth hormone
- somatotropin
Gene sequence:NCBI_Gene: 2688
Protein sequence: UniProtKB: P01241
Human GH1 target molecular function (prediction)
Enables growth factor activity; growth hormone receptor binding activity; and prolactin receptor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cell surface receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; and positive regulation of signal transduction. Acts upstream of or within positive regulation of glucose transmembrane transport. Located in extracellular space. Part of growth hormone receptor complex. Colocalizes with collagen-containing extracellular matrix. Implicated in several diseases, including anemia (multiple); autoimmune disease of endocrine system (multiple); diabetic retinopathy; isolated growth hormone deficiency (multiple); and progeria. Biomarker of diabetes insipidus; diabetes mellitus (multiple); osteoarthritis; and severe acute respiratory syndrome.
Mouse Gh molecular target information
Molecular name: Gh, growth hormone
Alias:
- None
Gene sequence:NCBI_Gene: 14599
Protein sequence:
Mouse Gh target molecular function (prediction)
Enables growth hormone receptor binding activity. Acts upstream of or within cellular response to insulin stimulus; regulation of growth; and response to food. Located in several cellular components, including extracellular space; secretory granule; and trans-Golgi network. Is expressed in brain; early conceptus; gut; hemolymphoid system; and male reproductive system. Used to study isolated growth hormone deficiency type II. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including anemia (multiple); autoimmune disease of endocrine system (multiple); diabetic retinopathy; isolated growth hormone deficiency (multiple); and progeria. Orthologous to several human genes including GH1 (growth hormone 1).
Rat Gh1 molecular target information
Molecular name: Gh1, growth hormone 1
Alias:
- Gh
- Ghb1
- growth hormone b1
- RNGHGP
- somatotropin
Gene sequence:NCBI_Gene: 24391
Protein sequence:
Rat Gh1 target molecular function (prediction)
Enables hormone activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to alkaline pH; cellular response to thyroid hormone stimulus; and generation of neurons. Located in several cellular components, including collagen-containing extracellular matrix; mitochondrion; and secretory granule. Used to study isolated growth hormone deficiency and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Biomarker of congenital hypothyroidism; osteoporosis; and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including anemia (multiple); autoimmune disease of endocrine system (multiple); diabetic retinopathy; isolated growth hormone deficiency (multiple); and progeria. Orthologous to several human genes including GH1 (growth hormone 1).