CTLA4 molecular target information overview
Overview of CTLA4 molecular targets
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), also known as CD152, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed on the surface of helper T cells. CTLA-4 is similar to the T-cell co-stimulatory protein CD28 in that they both bind to CD80 and CD86. CTLA-4 transmits inhibitory signals to T cells, while CD28 transmits stimulatory signals. CTLA-4 functions as an immune checkpoint, downregulating the immune system and acting as an "off" switch when bound to CD80 or CD86 on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. Intracellular CTLA-4 is also present in regulatory T cells and is important for their function. Mutations in this gene have been associated with insulin-dependent diabetes, hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroid-associated eye disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, and other autoimmune diseases. Polymorphisms in the CTLA-4 gene have been associated with autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroid disease and multiple sclerosis, but the association is generally weak. In systemic lupus erythematosus, splice variants of soluble CTLA-4 have been found to be abnormally produced and present in the serum of patients with the disease.
Human CTLA4 Molecular Target Information
Molecular name: CTLA4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4
Alias:
- ALPS5
- CD
- CD152
- cd152 antigen
- CD152 isoform
- celiac disease 3
- CELIAC3
- CTLA-4
- cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 short spliced form
- cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4
- cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4
- cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4
- cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
- cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase-4
- GRD4
- GSE
- ICOS
- IDDM12
- insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 12
- ligand and transmembrane spliced cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4
Gene sequence:NCBI_Gene: 1493
Protein sequence:UniProtKB: P16410
Human CTLA4 target molecular function (prediction)
Involved in several processes, including B cell receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of lymphocyte activation; and positive regulation of apoptotic process. Located in several cellular components, including clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle; external side of plasma membrane; and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Is integral component of plasma membrane. Part of protein complex involved in cell adhesion. Implicated in several diseases, including carcinoma (multiple); hematologic cancer (multiple); hepatitis B; kidney disease (multiple); and primary immunodeficiency disease (multiple). Biomarker of several diseases, including Sjogren's syndrome; anogenital venereal wart; hepatitis A; lung disease (multiple); and tropical spastic paraparesis.
Mouse Ctla4 molecular target information
Molecular name: Ctla4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
Alias:
- Cd152
- CD152 antigen
- Ctla-4
- cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4
- Ly-56
Gene sequence:NCBI_Gene: 12477
Protein sequence:
- UniprotKB: P09793
- UniprotKB: Q5SSM0
- UniprotKB: Q6GTR6
- UniprotKB: Q7TMX1
- UniprotKB: Q8CH94
- UniprotKB: Q9Z1A8
Mouse Ctla4 target molecular function (prediction)
Predicted to be involved in several processes, including antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway; negative regulation of lymphocyte activation; and positive regulation of apoptotic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within adaptive immune response. Located in external side of plasma membrane. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including carcinoma (multiple); hematologic cancer (multiple); hepatitis B; kidney disease (multiple); and primary immunodeficiency disease (multiple). Orthologous to human CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4).
Rat Ctla4 molecular target information
Molecular name: Ctla4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
Alias:
- Cd152
- CD152 antigen
- CTLA-4
- cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4
- sCTLA4
- soluble form
- transmembrane form
Gene sequence:NCBI_Gene: 63835
Protein sequence:
Rat Ctla4 target molecular function (prediction)
Predicted to enable signaling receptor activity. Involved in negative regulation of T cell proliferation and negative regulation of immune response. Predicted to be located in Golgi apparatus; clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle; and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Predicted to be integral component of plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of protein complex involved in cell adhesion. Predicted to be active in external side of plasma membrane. Used to study myocarditis. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including carcinoma (multiple); hematologic cancer (multiple); hepatitis B; kidney disease (multiple); and primary immunodeficiency disease (multiple). Orthologous to human CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4).